Possible Modern Streetcar Routes for St. Louis
It is no secret I want modern streetcars in St. Louis. For those not familiar with the concept of modern streetcars, they are new high-tech vehicles quite similar to light rail vehicles. They have a low-floor design which allows for easy entry/exit from a curb. Unlike light rail systems, the modern streetcar runs in “mixed-traffic” with cars. Where vintage trolley/streetcar systems are more nostalgic than functional, the modern streetcar is highly function for local transit while The only example in North America is in Portland although a number of cities, such as Tucson, are considering such a system.
I’ve been reading up on Porland’s system, now a few years old, and they’ve had an amazing amount of development around their line. This is largely due to development being the initial goal, the line was designed to connect two vacant (or nearly vacant) industrial brownfield sites. Zoning was changed to require minimum density. Developers have been able to get a good return on their investment. From the Development Report dated January 2006:
The Portland Development Commission (PDC) negotiated a Master Development Agreement with Hoyt Street Properties, owners of a 40-acre brownfield in the heart of the River District. The Agreement tied development densities to public improvements with the minimum required housing density increased incrementally from 15 to 87 units per acre when the Lovejoy Viaduct was deconstructed, to 109 units/acre when the streetcar construction commenced and 131 units/acre when the first neighborhood park was built. The developer has stated that without the Streetcar and the accessibility it provides, these densities would not have been possible. The agreement was a unique and essential piece of the public/private partnership that catalyzed development of the River District and serves as a model for the agreement established for in South Waterfront.
Those are some serious densities. The kind of density that makes a neighborhood vibrant and a transit system that is highly viable. With the idea of placing transit where it could be coupled with new development I have prepared a few possible modern streetcar routes. I have intentionally placed the routes so they intersect or come close to the existing MetroLink line.
Basic Assumptions for all Concepts:
Streetcar line would be modeled on the Portland Streetcar with modern low-floor vehicles (not “vintage” or “heritage” vehicles). Streetcars would operate in mixed-traffic but would be given signal preference over cross-street traffic. Lines would run in the outside travel lane (not center) and would stop at curb bulb outs every 1/5 of a mile or so. Eminent domain (or even threat) should not be used to assemble land for development within streetcar zone. Form-bsaed zoning overlay should be enacted for the area served by the streetcar (three city blocks on each side of line). Zoning overlay should set out minimum units per acre (gradually increasing at certain benchmarks) and maximum parking spaces.
Care should be given to ensure the streetcar zone offers a wide mix of housing options
Federal funding is not likely so local support is needed.
As with Portland, the City of St. Louis will likely need to own the system and hire out the management from Metro or another organization.
Route Concept A – North Grand
Starting at the Grand Blvd. MetroLink stop (map), proceed northbound on Grand to the old white water tower at 20th street. Loop around tower (if vehicle can turn that tight) and return to Grand MetroLink.
Roughly 7 mile loop Substantial vacant land in vicinity of the water tower and along route has great potential for new development. Line could serve those using MetroLink to visit SLU & Grand Center (Symphony, Fox, Grandel, Sheldon, museums, etc…). Line would need to make a loop south of the MetroLink stop (Chouteau, Theresa & Papin) to change directions. Future expansion would be along South Grand to Carondelet Park, fully replacing the #70 Grand Bus line.
Route Concept B – Grand & The Ville
Starting at the Grand Blvd. MetroLink stop (map), proceed northbound on Grand to MLK Blvd. Go west on MLK to Kingshighway, turn south to Page. Take Page eastbound back to Grand. Take Grand back south to MetroLink stop.
Roughly 8 mile loop Line could serve those using MetroLink to visit SLU & Grand Center (Symphony, Fox, Grandel, Sheldon, museums, etc…). Line would need to make a loop south of the MetroLink stop (Chouteau, Theresa & Papin) to change directions. Future expansion would be to continue west along MLK Blvd. to the St. Charles Rock Road MetroLink Station. This would connect those persons along MLK with MetroLink stations at either end of the streetcar line.
Route Concept C – Downtown Circulator & Pruitt-Igoe Brownfield Site
Starting at Market Street in front of Union Station (map) proceed eastbound to 7th Street, north on 7th to Locust, west on Locust to 20th, north on 20th to Cass, west on Cass to (reintroduced) 22nd Street, south on 22rd to Carr, west to 23rd, south on 23rd one block to MLK, east to 22nd, south on 22nd to Market.
Roughly 4.25 mile loop Assumes redevelopment of Pruitt-Igoe site into a high-density mixed use development with the old street grid reintroduced (in particular 22nd street). Assumes Missouri Dept. of Transportation rebuilds the 22nd Street Interchange from I-64, freeing up land for development and reintroducing street grid (in particular 22nd Street). Ideally it would continue south on 22nd between Cass and Market but warehouses have messed up the grid — occupying the three blocks between 20th and 23rd.
Future expansion of route could include 1) continuing north on 20th to St. Louis Avenue 2) going further west on Cass to Grand (possibly connecting with system described in in “B” above. This route has high potential of maximizing the west downtown loft area as well as the former Pruitt-Igoe site. This route would bring people near several downtown MetroLink stops including Union Station, Civic Center, 8th & Pine, and Convention Center. This would increase transit options for those living in the west downtown lofts as well as those in the renovated neighborhood near 20th & Cass. Four short blocks between Market & Locust would greatly benefit from
Route Concept D – The Grove & The Ville
Starting Manchester & Kingshighway (map): eastbound on Manchester to northbound on Vandeventer. Take Vandeventer northbound to MLK, west on MLK to Kingshighway, south on Kingshighway to Page, Page east to Sarah, Sarah south to Manchester, Manchester west to Kingshighway.
Roughly 12 mile loop Ties in three areas having increased interest: The Ville, proposed Cortex development area and The Grove (formerly known as Forest Park Southeast. Would be able to connect with a new MetroLink station as part of the Cortex project. Ideally this stop would be located between Vandeventer and Sarah along Clayton Road. Serves Cortex, eastern edge of CWE, SLU, Grand Center, the re-emerging commercial district on Manchester as well as The Ville. Numerous sites along the route offer possibilities for high-density, mixed-use development. The strip centers at Lindell & Sarah come to mind.
Route Concept E – Jefferson North & South
Starting at Jefferson & Gravois (map): northbound on Jefferson to Cass & loop back to Gravois.
Roughly 6 mile loop. Would benefit from a new station where Jefferson crosses the existing MetroLink Line. Serves numerous neighborhoods both south & north.
Route is easily expandable south along Jefferson (perhaps with a loop through Cherokee west of Jefferson). Also expandable to the north along Jefferson or Cass.
The modern streetcar is the ideal form of inter-city mass transit. We’ve locally funded many major projects in the past, none of which can bring development & residents to our city the way in-street rail transit can.
– Steve
